High interest rates to cool stubborn inflation have hampered sentiment as consumers looking to buy EVs face higher borrowing costs that largely offset price cuts by automakers to stimulate demand.

Polestar, which operates in 27 markets globally, said it would now deliver about 60,000 vehicles this year, down from between 60,000-70,000. It had reiterated that forecast just last month after slashing the target in May from the 80,000 it had estimated earlier.

The U.S.-listed company, founded by China's Geely and Volvo Cars, also said it would achieve a gross margin of 2% in 2023, down from its prior 4% forecast.

Wednesday's revised forecast from Polestar comes after market leader Tesla's CEO Elon Musk recently flagged his concerns over expanding factory capacity until interest rates fall, and similar caution from General Motors and Ford.

EV startup Lucid cut its full-year production forecast on Tuesday "to prudently align with deliveries."

Even as pandemic-driven supply chain bottlenecks eased, Polestar has grappled with a delayed production start and growing competition, especially from Chinese players, forcing the company to cut jobs to keep a lid on costs.

The company said on Wednesday it would double down on cutting costs to boost margins and that it has secured additional term loans from Volvo and Geely totaling $450 million, maturing June 2027.

Polestar reported cash and cash equivalents of $951.1 million as of the end of September, compared with $1.06 billion three months prior.

Revenue for the third quarter rose 41% to $613.2 million, driven primarily by increased prices of its vehicles, but higher expenses led to operating losses swelling 33% to $261.2 million.

(Reporting by Abhirup Roy in San Francisco; Editing by Rod Nickel)