Company Ameriprise Financial, Inc.

Columbia Threadneedle Asset Managers Ltd. (CTAM) is an asset management firm headquartered in London, UK. The firm was founded in 1990 as F&C Asset Managers Ltd. and renamed BMO Asset Managers Ltd. in 2018. They changed their name to Columbia Threadneedle Asset Managers Ltd. when BMO rebranded to Columbia Threadneedle Investments in 2022. The firm is a subsidiary of Columbia Threadneedle AM (Holdings) Plc, ultimately held by Ameriprise Financial, Inc. (NYSE: AMP) in the US. CTAM manages a range of in-house and multi-manager funds for private individuals and institutional clients.

Ameriprise Certificate Co. operates as an investment company. It engages in the business of issuing face-amount investment certificates in the United States. The firm’s products include Ameriprise Cash Reserve Certificate, Ameriprise Flexible Savings Certificate, Ameriprise Installment Certificate, Ameriprise Stock Market Certificate, and Ameriprise Step-Up Rate Certificate. The company was founded on October 28, 1977 and is headquartered in Minneapolis, MN.

Columbia Wanger Asset Management LLC (CWAM) is a SEC-registered investment advisor headquartered in Chicago, Illinois. The firm is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Columbia Management Investment Advisers LLC, ultimately held by Ameriprise Financial, Inc. (NYSE: AMP). CWAM serves as the investment advisor to a variety of open-end mutual funds that are series or portfolios of Columbia Acorn Trust and Wanger Advisors Trust, two registered investment companies sponsored by the firm and other institutional accounts.

American Enterprise Investment Services, Inc. provides clearing and trade execution services for American Express Financial Advisors and American Express Funds. It is headquartered in Minneapolis, MN.

Threadneedle Asset Management Holdings Ltd. operates as a holding company with specific interest in investment management products and services. The company was founded in 1994 and is headquartered in London, the United Kingdom.

Columbia Threadneedle Netherlands BV (CT Netherlands) is the wholly owned, Netherlands-based investment management subsidiary of Columbia Threadneedle Group (Holdings) Ltd., ultimately held by Ameriprise Financial, Inc. (NYSE: AMP) in the US. The firm was formerly known as F&C Netherlands BV and became BMO Asset Management Netherlands BV in 2018. They were renamed Columbia Threadneedle Netherlands BV when BMO rebranded to Columbia Threadneedle Investments in 2022. Headquartered in Amsterdam, CT Netherland manages fixed-income assets, credit, convertible stocks and real estate for Dutch institutional investors such as pension funds and insurance companies.

Threadneedle Curtis Ltd. owns and operates airports. Its services include aviation, airport security, fire fighting, engineering, property development; pre-book parking, fast track security and book escape lounge and car rentals. The company was founded on November 28, 2001 and is headquartered in Manchester, the United Kingdom.

Part of Ameriprise Financial, Inc., Threadneedle Pensions Ltd. provides life insurance and fund management services. The company is based in London, UK.

Threadneedle Investment Services Ltd. is an asset management firm headquartered in London, UK. The firm was founded in 1994 and is a subsidiary of Threadneedle Asset Management Holdings Ltd., ultimately held by Ameriprise Financial, Inc. (NYSE: AMP) in the US. Threadneedle Investment Services provides asset management services to pension schemes, insurance companies, private investors, corporations, mutual funds and affiliate companies.

Pyrford International Ltd. (Pyrford) is the Great Britain-based asset management subsidiary of Columbia Threadneedle Investments UK International Ltd., which is owned by Ameriprise Financial, Inc. (NYSE: AMP) in the US. The firm was founded by Bruce Campbell in 1987 and formerly known as Elders Investment Management Ltd. Headquartered in London, Pyrford provides global asset management services to collective investment schemes, investment management companies, local and state bodies, pension schemes, endowments, and foundations.

Columbia Management Investment Advisers LLC (CMIA) is a registered investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Boston, Massachusetts. The firm is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Ameriprise Financial, Inc. (NYSE: AMP). The firm was formed in 2010 as the result of Ameriprise Financial Services' (AFS) acquisition of the long-term asset management business of Columbia Management Group (CMG) from Bank of America. AFS merged CMG's long-term asset management business with their subsidiary, RiverSource Investments LLC, under the name Columbia Management Investment Advisors. CMIA offers equity and fixed-income retail and institutional investment products for various types of clients.

RiverSource Life Insurance Co. offers annuity and insurance solutions. Its principal products are variable deferred annuities and variable and fixed universal life insurance. The firm offers immediate annuities, fixed deferred annuities and traditional life and disability income insurance. The company was founded in 1957 and is headquartered in Minneapolis, MN.

Founded in 1972, Riversource Life Insurance Co. of New York is a subsidiary of Ameriprise Financial, Inc. that provides insurance services. The company is based in Albany, NY.

Columbia Threadneedle REP AM Plc (CT REP) is a property specialist headquartered in London, UK. The firm was founded in 1973 and formerly known as BMO REP Asset Management plc. They changed their name to Columbia Threadneedle REP AM Plc when BMO rebranded to Columbia Threadneedle Investments in 2022. The firm is a subsidiary of Columbia Threadneedle Real Estate Partners LLP, ultimately owned by Ameriprise Financial, Inc. (NYSE: AMP) in the US. CT REP manages real estate assets for clients across Europe.

Founded in 1934, Threadneedle Portfolio Services Ltd. is a subsidiary of Ameriprise Financial, Inc. Attestation. The company is based in London, UK. Part of Columbia Threadneedle Investments, the British company provides a broad range of actively managed investment strategies and solutions for individual, institutional, and corporate clients worldwide.

Columbia Threadneedle (EM) Investments Ltd. (Columbia Threadneedle EMI) is a specialist fund management firm headquartered in London, UK. The firm was founded in 1995 and formerly known as LGM Investments Ltd. In 2021, they became a wholly owned subsidiary of Columbia Threadneedle Investments UK International Ltd., which is owned by Ameriprise Financial, Inc. (NYSE: AMP) in the US. The legal entity of LGM Investments Ltd. became Columbia Threadneedle (EM) Investments Ltd. in 2022. Columbia Threadneedle EMI provides a broad range of actively managed investment strategies and solutions for individual, institutional and corporate clients around the world.

Columbia Threadneedle Real Estate Partners LLP provides property and asset management services. It specializes in fund, asset and property management; reproperty investment; research; and fund administration. The company is headquartered in London, the United Kingdom.

Columbia Threadneedle Fund Management Ltd. (CTFM) is the Great Britain-based alternative investment management subsidiary of Columbia Threadneedle Holdings Ltd., ultimately owned by Ameriprise Financial, Inc. (NYSE: AMP) in the US. Founded in 1972, the firm was formerly known as F&C Treasury Ltd. and became BMO Fund Management Ltd. in 2018. They changed their name to Columbia Threadneedle Fund Management Ltd. when BMO rebranded to Columbia Threadneedle Investments in 2022. Headquartered in London, CTFM manages a range of in-house and multimanager funds for private individuals and institutional clients.

Founded in 1988, Columbia Threadneedle Managers Ltd. is a subsidiary of Ameriprise Financial, Inc. that provides security brokerage services. The company is based in London, UK.

Columbia Threadneedle Management Ltd. (CTML) is an investment management firm headquartered in London, UK. The firm was founded in 1953 as F&C Management Ltd. and renamed BMO Asset Management Ltd. in 2018. They changed their name to Columbia Threadneedle Management Ltd. when BMO rebranded to Columbia Threadneedle Investments in 2022. They are a subsidiary of Columbia Threadneedle AM (Holdings) Plc, ultimately held by Ameriprise Financial, Inc. (NYSE: AMP) in the US. CTML manages investments for individual investors, financial advisers, and wealth managers, as well as insurance firms, pension funds, and other institutions. They are responsible investors and signatories to the United Nations Principles of Responsible Investing (UNPRI).

BMO Investment Business Ltd. (BMO Investment) is a Private Equity firm, a subsidiary of BMO Asset Management (Holdings) Plc founded in 2005. The firm is headquartered in Edinburgh.

Columbia Threadneedle Multi-Manager LLP (CTMM) is a Great Britain-based investment management firm headquartered in London. The firm was founded in 2007 as Thames River Multi-Capital LLP and became BMO AM Multi-Manager LLP in 2018. They changed their name to Columbia Threadneedle Multi-Manager LLP when BMO rebranded to Columbia Threadneedle Investments in 2022. The firm is a subsidiary of Columbia Threadneedle AM (Holdings) Plc, ultimately held by Ameriprise Financial, Inc. (NYSE: AMP) in the US. CTMM provides specialist fund management services to professional investors and institutions in the UK and worldwide.

Thames River Capital LLP (TRC) is a specialist fund management firm headquartered in London, UK. The firm was founded in 1998 and is a subsidiary of Columbia Threadneedle Capital (UK) Ltd., ultimately held by Ameriprise Financial, Inc. (NYSE: AMP) in the US. TRC provides specialist fund management services to professional investors and institutions in the UK and worldwide, through several single and multi-manager funds.

Threadneedle Asset Management Ltd. (Threadneedle AM) is the wholly-owned global asset management subsidiary of TC Financing Ltd., ultimately held by Ameriprise Financial, Inc. (NYSE: AMP) in the US. Headquartered in London, the firm was founded in 1994 and manages assets for a range of clients which includes pension schemes, insurance companies, private investors and corporations. Threadneedle AM is a socially responsible investor which believes they have a responsibility to, and will benefit from, exercising environmental and social stewardship throughout their firm.

Threadneedle International Ltd. provides investment advice. The company is headquartered in London, the United Kingdom.